What Are Venous Ulcers?

Venous ulcers, or venous leg ulcers, are sores that form on the legs and are notoriously slow to heal, often persisting for weeks, months, or even years. This delayed healing is caused by poor blood circulation due to malfunctioning valves in the veins. These faulty valves prevent proper blood flow, increasing pressure in the affected area and depriving the tissue of the oxygen and nutrients needed for healing.

Venous leg ulcers affect over 1% of Americans, particularly older adults, smokers, those with obesity or diabetes, individuals with leg injuries, and people with varicose veins. Symptoms often include itchiness, burning, swelling, and discoloration around the wound, signaling the need for medical attention.

What Are Arterial Ulcers?

Arterial ulcers typically develop on the outer sides of the feet, heels, toes, or ankles. Unlike venous ulcers, arterial ulcers are often round, deep, and dry. They form due to restricted blood flow caused by arterial blockages, resulting in tissue damage.

Treatment for Venous and Arterial Ulcers

Caring for venous and arterial ulcers is a complex process that requires professional wound management. Healing times vary, ranging from weeks to months, depending on the severity. Successful recovery hinges on the patient following the wound care team’s guidance.

Treatment typically involves restoring blood flow to the affected area through medical and surgical techniques. Podiatrists and surgical experts work collaboratively to create customized wound care plans designed to promote healing.

Surgical Options for Diabetic Ulcers

  • Relieving pressure on the wound
  • Correcting deformities that impede healing
  • Removing infected tissue through amputation

Self-Care for Diabetic Ulcers

Alongside professional care, patients must maintain proper wound hygiene by keeping the area clean, dry, and properly bandaged. Preventative measures include:

  • Avoiding prolonged sitting, standing, or leg crossing
  • Protecting legs from cold temperatures
  • Quitting smoking
  • Monitoring blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels
  • Exercising regularly
  • Wearing supportive, comfortable shoes
  • Conducting daily checks on legs and feet

By following these steps and working closely with a wound care specialist, patients can minimize complications and improve their recovery outcomes.